Obesity

Exercise Guidelines

* Exercise is very beneficial for obese patients as it increases an energy deficit which is essential for weight loss as well as decreasing the risks associated with obesity (e.g. heart disease, diabetes).

* Obtain physician clearance before commencing an exercise program, especially if you have other conditions such as heart disease, diabetes or have been inactive for a number of years.

* Exercise should be monitored closely by a trained professional.

* The exercise program for an obese individual should involve cardiovascular exercise, resistance training and daily activity.

* Resistance training can help strengthen bones as well as increase lean body mass which is essential for increasing metabolic rate.

* Walking should be used initially as this is low-impact and is lower in intensity.

* Should accumulate 30 minutes of activity on most, if not all, days of the week.

Nutrition Guidelines

* Obese patients should consult with a nutrition expert for guidance towards making the necessary dietary adjustments.

* Obese patients need to follow a heart healthy diet that is low in processed foods, foods high in saturated (e.g. full-fat dairy) and trans fat (e.g. baked or fried goods), and foods with a lot of added sugar (e.g. pop). The diet should emphasize whole grains, low-fat dairy products, fruit, vegetables, lean proteins and beneficial fats (mono and polyunsaturated).

* Adjustments to diet need to be made based on the presence of other conditions (e.g. heart disease, diabetes).